What primary method does the cell employ to ensure gene expression only occurs when necessary? (2 points) limited amounts of specific DNA

phosphorylation cascade with multiple steps

receptors that only fit specific hormones

unique transcription factors made of carbohydrates
9.
Analyze the diagram below of a nuclear response for gene expression:

A diagram of a nuclear response that results in the expression of a piece of DNA into mRNA. The sequence of events is a receptor protein, phosphorylation cascade, transcription factor, DNA, and mRNA.
© 2012 FLVS

What initiates this cell to express the specific gene into mRNA? (2 points)

an active transcription factor

a chemical signal that is specific to the receptor

any hormone released by the body

a phosphorylation cascade
10.
Below is a model of a signal transduction pathway that results in the transcribing of mRNA:

A diagram of a nuclear response that results in the expression of a piece of DNA into mRNA. The sequence of events is a receptor protein, phosphorylation cascade, transcription factor, DNA, and mRNA.
© 2012 FLVS

Which of following is most likely if several different types of molecules are available to attach to the receptor protein? (2 points)

Each of the molecules would eventually bind.

Only one specific protein would bind.

Several could bind, resulting in the same mRNA.

Whichever molecule attached first would bind permanently.
11.
Look at the model below representing a signal transduction in a cell:

A model of signal transduction. Ions are outside of the cell. A signal molecule has bonded to the surface protein and the protein date is open. Ions are free to enter the cell.
© 2012 FLVS

Which of the following would NOT necessarily stimulate a cellular response? (2 points)

a bonded signal molecule and surface substrate

a large concentration of hormones outside of the cell

a large concentration of ions inside of the cell

an open gate for the specific ions
12.
Allergic reactions include runny nose and watery eyes. Doctors can prescribe antihistamine drugs that can prevent or decrease the effects of an allergic reaction. Which of the following does NOT explain how antihistamine drugs help prevent or decrease the effects of an allergic reaction? (2 points)

Blocking the signal transduction message in producing histamines

Preventing the histamines from binding to the appropriate receptor

Inhibiting the enzyme that transforms histidine into histamine

Reducing the concentration of histamine outside of the target cell
13.
A scientist wanted to determine if two newly discovered populations of insects exchanged information with other members of the same population about the location of a food source. The scientist set up a systematic observation in which food was placed for the insects to find. Over a period of time, the scientist recorded how many insects were found at the food source. The scientist collected the following data:

A graph showing the number of insects recorded at a food source over a period of time. On the horizontal x-axis is time. On the vertical y-axis is the number of insects. Both populations start at 1 insect. At 2 minutes, both are at 2 insects. At three minutes, population 1 drops to 1 and population 2 increases to 4. At 4 minutes, population 1 increases to 4 and population 2 increases to 10. At 5 minutes population 1 increases to 5 and population 2 increases to 15. At 6 minutes, population 1 peaks at 6 and population 2 increases to 17. At 7 minutes, population 1 drops to 5 insects and population 2 rises to 18. At 8 minutes population 1 drops to 4 and population 2 increases to 19.
© 2012 FLVS

Which of the following is the best conclusion that can be made regarding the data? (2 points)

More population 2 organisms can be found the ecosystem than population 1 organisms.

Populations 1 and 2 are the same species but have different niches.

Population 2 has an evolutionary advantage over population 1.

Unlike population 1, population 2 communicates with members of its species.
14.
A scientist is studying the evolutionary passage of animal behavior. The scientist performed an experiment that placed a single injured minnow in a group of minnows. The data records show that all of the healthy minnows in the group move away very quickly. After reading the article, which of the following is the best conclusion regarding this behavior? (2 points)

This is probably a learned behavior triggered by a sensory mechanism.

The injured fish most likely communicates to the group with a performance mechanism.

The injured fish most likely releases a physiological trigger that initiates the response.

That all newcomers are treated with apprehension is probably an innate behavior.