About how many species are in the taxonomic group Kingdom Animalia?

Salmonella typhimurium is a food-borne bacterial pathogen that can cause severe gastrointestinal disease. salmonella is often phagocytosed by macrophages that normally destroy bacterial pathogens, but this bacterium is somehow able to prevent the complete maturation of phagolysosomes. salmonella is able to tolerate the low ph of phagolysosomes, and in fact responds to the drop in ph by secreting toxins that interfere with other cellular responses. which of the following differences would you expect to contribute to the survival of a bacterium within an salmonella-containing phagosome, compared to a healthy phagolysosome? decreased activity of acid hydrolases increased activity of acid hydrolases decreased import of h+ ions increased import of h+ ions my guess is decreased activity of acid hydrolases but i'm not sure.

Would really appreciate it, i have an idea but not completely sure

It is believed that europa, one of jupiter’s moons has an ocean beneath its surface. based on how earth’s oceans and atmosphere are believed to have formed, what can be said about europa’s supposed ocean? the arrival of in the early days of europa’s existence could have formed its ocean. it is likely that the water experienced , similar to earth. it is also possible that this water is retained beneath europa’s surface and in its atmosphere due to europa’s .