How many amino acids ended up being incorrect, or different from the original amino acid sequence, as a result of the substitution mutation?

A substitution mutation can be defined as a mutation in which a single nucleotide is replaced by the other. As a single nucleotide changes in this process which does not create an effect on the final protein so it is a least dangerous type of DNA mutation.

Explanation:

There are three types of substitution mutation:

1. Silent mutation: In this the replaced single base pair gets replaced by the mutated RNA sequence producing the same amino acid. If the nucleotide composition gets changed it will produce the same amino acid.

2. Missense mutation: The nucleotide composition gets changed as a result of addition of different amino acid after mutation in the protein.

3. A nonsense mutation involves the change in the stop codon. This results in non-functioning of the protein.

answer; i believe that the correct answer is(d) nondisjunction during meiosis;

tsd is temerature dependent sex determination.

tsd: it is a type of environmental sex determination in which the temperature experienced during embryonic/ larval development (ambient temperature for development) determine the sex of the offspring.

crocodile displays the tsd where the ambient temperature of the developing egg determines the individual's sex. for example in the american alligator's eggs, incubation at 33 ºc produces mostly males, while incubation at 30 ºc produces mostly females. so if the american alligator's egg will get the ambient temperature (33 degree celcius)during embryonic development from egg, the offspring will be male and same for the female sex determination.