If the effective rate of reproduction of an asexual lineage is 12 per year, what would be the effective rate of reproduction of a lineage that was identical to the asexual lineage in every way except that it was sexual

pregnancy happens more and more

the answer is lactic acid from anaerobic respiration. the acid in lactic acid is what creates sore and burning muscles. if you think about how acid burns that will give you a clue for questions like this.

in the year 2850, humans successfully colonized mars. the martian modules that were constructed could hold only a small population of people. it is now a century later, and the population on mars has grown to 600 people. of the current mars population, 45 people express the recessive phenotype for phenylketon- uria (pku) syndrome (pp genotype).

explanation: