Darwin's suggestion anticipates phylogenetic bracketing, a method based on that uses characteristics of organisms in a clade to make predictions about the common ancestor of the clade and all of its descendants.

c. live where it’s cold and icy

you can have just about every answer you can think of

above statement is not a true statement about the open ocean because the open ocean has low levels of nutrients. most of the photosynthetic activity on earth occurs in the open ocean within the photic zone. organisms in the deep ocean are exposed to frigid temperatures and total darkness but it does not begin at the low-tide mark.