Which of the following is probably the best explanation for the fact that Antarctic penguins cannot fly, although there is evidence that millions of years ago their ancestors could do so? Penguins live on land and feed in the water; therefore they have no need to fly. The Antarctic home of penguins is flat and barren; therefore there is no place to fly. Ancestral penguins without large wings were better able to swim and feed in the water; therefore they passed their genes for shorter wing structure on to their offspring. Ancestral penguins did not use their wings for long periods of time; therefore today’s penguins have only tiny, nonfunctional wings.

answer: angiosperms

dicots

angiosperms are highly evolved plants, they produce seeds which are enclosed within in a carple. these are the largest group of plants on earth. they include trees, shrubs, herbs and small flowering plants. angiosperms exhibit a flowering stage in their life cycle. the flower serves the function of reproduction and fruit formation in majority of angiosperms. dicot is the term used to describe flowering plants that have two seed leaves. dicots are plants which develop seeds which split into two parts called cotyledons. each cotyledon contains one embryo.

here, a small purple flower development indicates that the plant belongs to angiosperms and having two embryonic leaves indicates it belongs to dicots.  

step 1: nitrogen fixation- conversion of atmospheric no₂ into forms useful to plants by lightning, bacteria, and cyanobacteria.

step 2: nitrification-process of converting ammonia to nitrite or nitrate.

step 3: assimilation-plant roots absorb new form of nitrogen.

step 4: ammonification-conversion of organic nitrogen to ammonia by bacteria involved in decomposition.

step 5: denitrification-bacteria turns the decomposed matter back into n₂o, which is released into atmosphere; repeat cycle.

answer; aerobic conditions; citric acid cycle (krebs cycle) electron transport chain;         anaerobic conditions; fermentation; both glycolysis;