Describe whether some trophic levels benefit from the disturbance while others do not. If humans caused the disturbance, was it negative or positive for each trophic level in the food chain?

not only is it colder, it also becomes darker, less salty, and more dense.

the circled areas are referred to   as sunspots.   the sunspots are cooler than the   surrounding area.

sunspots are temporary phenomena on the photosphere of the sun that appear visibly as dark spots compared to surrounding regions. they correspond to concentrations of magnetic field flux that inhibit convection and result in reduced surface temperature compared to the surrounding photosphere.

on island x the species needed to adapt because they were being subject to predators which didn't inhabit island y.