How do you think scientific method can be used to measure the rate of photosynthesis

Uptake of CO2 by plants: Since CO2 is needed for photosynthesis, measuring how much of it is taken up by the plants gives us information on how much of photosynthesis is happening.

Release of O2: The amount of O2 produced during photosynthesis can be measured.

Dry matter content: Dry matter is comprised of all the solids in a plant minus the water content. These solids are all produced as a result of photosynthesis. So, dry matter can be used to measure this process.

Carbohydrate production: This is an indirect way of measuring photosynthesis by its products. Parts of a plant can be harvested, dried and weighed at intervals. The difference in weights gives the increase in carbohydrates (sugars) due to photosynthesis.

Measure light-dependent photosynthesis using Hill’s reaction: In the first step of photosynthesis, oxygen is produced by chloroplasts by splitting water molecules using energy from light. Using dichlorophenolindophenol (DCPIP) as the terminal electron acceptor of oxygen atoms, Hill’s reaction measures the light-dependent phases of photosynthesis.

Chlorophyll fluorescence: When chlorophyll absorbs light, its molecules are raised to an “excited state”. It returns to its normal state by releasing the energy. Part of this is used to power photosynthesis; another portion is emitted as radiation called flourescence radiation. Since flourescence radiation is complementary to photosynthesis it is used to measure it in higher plants as well as algae and bacteria.

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