Determine the stimulus, receptor, control center response and effector for gas exchange for plants (stomata close).
Stimulus
Control Center
Effector cells
Response--Stomata Close
Why do the guard cells close?

the answer is "a.) well–developed vascular system."

explanation:

some fungi obtain their nutrients from a living host (plant or animal) and are called most biotrophic fungi have fairly narrow host ranges—they are specialized on a limited called rhizomorphs that allow the fungus to grow from one tree to another. ascospores are formed inside a sac-like structure called an ascus. so your answer is a