How do mountains and large bodies of water affect the biomes of tundra and grassland?

Mountains can trap moisture on one side, leading to an increase in precipitation in this area but lower amounts of precipitation on the opposite of the mountain.  Thus, altitude is going to affect both temperature and precipitation which will affect the composition of biome.

Land masses near large bodies of water, especially oceans, change temperature as the oceans change temperature: slower and with less extreme fluctuations than land masses farther away. Ocean currents like the Gulf Stream carry heat from the tropics, affecting the climate of areas away from the tropics.

Explanation: