is an abnormal redness of the skin caused by increased blood flow and dilated blood vessels close to the skin's surface.

it's anything that aren't producers and consumers.

explanation:

you've got to be clear on what "this" is

for  example, forests have higher evapotranspiration than other ecosystems,  such  as grasslands, because of their deeper roots and greater leaf area. thus forests have a net moistening effect on the atmosphere and become a moisture source for downwind ecosystems.

answer; the tunica intima also called tunica interna, consists of elastic fibers,connective tissue and smooth muscle cells;

oxygen +1 most likely