Which circumstance can cause negative population growth? a.) the emigration rate is lower than the birthrate b.) the immigration rate is the same as the birthrate c.) the birthrate is higher than the death rate d.) the death rate is higher than the birthrate

African penguins, which inhabit the coasts of southern africa, were classified as an endangered species in 2010. two significant threats to their survival are ecosystem damage from oil spills and overfishing by humans. overfishing depletes the food supply of african penguins. the best method to reduce the threat of overfishing would be to . the risk of oil spills could be reduced by increasing the use of , which should oil consumption. if an oil spill does occur, could be used to remove the oil so the ecosystem may more quickly recover.