Tendencies developed through evolutionary history that predispose members of a species to learn some associations more readily than others are:

Biological constraints

Explanation:

Biological restrictions is a term that refers to situations that promote resistance to evolutionary changes in a population. That is, biological restriction occurs when evolution is possible, but there is a factor that prevents the population from evolving. This factor causes a resistance to evolution, causing the population to remain in the same evolutionary state. In other words, we can say that biological constraints are trends developed throughout evolutionary history that predispose members of a species to learn some associations more readily than others.

i thinking chemical change

the answers are a and c