Which stage of a butterfly's life cycle occurs directly before a chrysalis forms?

a.
egg

b.
pupa

c.
larva

d.
adult

Which best describes this behavior? it is beneficial only to the males that do not fertilize eggs. it is beneficial only to the female workers that are not fertilized. it is beneficial to each one of the individual colony members. it is beneficial to the whole species, but not to all of the individual members.

How energy flows through each level in this energy pyramid. is all the matter and energy from one level transferred to the next level?

How secretion and excretion both are different? explain in simple language.