Iam testing a group of student to see if the amount of sleep they receive affects their grades. what is the independent and dependent variable in this experiment

Consider the venn diagram of plant reproduction. where in this image, areas a - d, would you insert the picture of the orange lily?

According to the rna world hypothesis, rna acted as the genetic material and catalyzed reactions in ancient cells. what conclusion can you draw from this?               a.  this implies that dna and proteins aren't essential in cells today.    b.  this implies that rna can catalyze any chemical reaction that enzymes catalyze.    c.  this implies that if a cell has a problem with its dna, its rna can compensate for the damaged dna.    d.  this implies that dna and proteins evolved after rna.

Steven hawking is on record as saying that viruses can be considered a form of life. considering the list above, what might be his evidence? a) item 5 b) items 1 - 3 c) items 4 - 7 d) items 1 & 2