In a machine, is work output less than work input because some energy is converted into thermal energy?

Epinephrine is a hormone released from the adrenal gland of the body, most often in a stressful situation. it is known as the "fight-or-flight" hormone. one way that it causes a response in the body is to activate receptors on muscle cells. where are these cellular receptors located? a. on the cell membrane b. in the nucleus c. on the cell wall d. around the mitochondria

Me with these questions if you’re it sure don’t answer

Actinobacteria sp. are fermenting organisms (which do you use oxygen to breathe) referred to as chemoorganohetereotrophs this means they break down organic material and convert it to inorganic material. which part of the carbon cycle does this describe