Identify the components involved in transcription, translation, and protein modification.

The components involved in transcription includes a DNA molecule which acts as a primer, and the enzyme RNA polymerase which catalyzes the formation of a mRNA. This process takes place in the nucleus of a cell where a DNA molecule is used as a primer and a messenger RNA is produced. Components of translation, the process that takes place in the cytoplasm where mRNA is used to generate proteins, are an mRNA which carries the codons which have the genetic information, the transfer RNA, which contains the anticodons, and the ribosomes. Protein modification involves chemical modifications that play a key role in the functioning of proteins, they regulate activity, localization, and interaction with cellular molecules.