How do temperatures above the range of maximum growth effect bacterial cells? a. high temperatures cause water to exit bacterial cells. b. high temperatures denature essential enzymes and other proteins. c. high temperatures slow down bacterial metabolism. d. high temperatures rupture bacterial cell walls. submit for grading save and finish later?

The answer B. The integrity of the structure of proteins and enzymes is essential to their function. High temperatures cause the breaking of the weak hydrogen bonds between functional groups and motifs of protein. Even higher temperatures disrupt disulfide bond in proteins. This loss of structure of proteins and enzymes disrupts the active sites conformation hence the protein or enzyme ceases to catalyse biochemical reactions.   

cells use diffusion to get substances in and out of themselves. that diffusion will occur across the cell membrane or the outer covering of the cell. because we are talking about the surface of the cell, surface area and volume are  important factors here. as a cell increases in size, its surface area and volume increase as well.  we call that the surface area to volume ratio (sa: vol).  but the catch is that  volume increases at a greater rate than surface  area. in other words, as a cell gets bigger, the sa: vol gets smaller. so a really small cell like bacteria is mostly cell membrane (surface) with very little contents (volume). a really big cell like an egg, is mostly insides with a super thin membrane. so what ends up happening is that the cell cannot efficiently diffuse all of the stuff it needs in/out to survive. therefore cell size is limited to about 100mm. so how do we make organisms bigger than 100mm? cells divide! by dividing and becoming multicellular, organisms are able to grow!   check out the diagrams i attached to see the effect of sa: vol. i hope this ! good luck!

i think the answer is c hope this