An arc flash can occur where differences of potential exists.

An arc flash can occur when differences of potential voltage reading exists. An arc flash an enormous amount of radiant energy that explodes outwards from electrical equipment, creating pressure waves These high intensity pressure waves can damage a person's hearing or even eyesight.

No because the eaeht is on a 23.5 degree axis tilt and so when it is winter the northern hemisphere is pointing away from the sun and the soutubern hemisphere is pointing toward the sun