Which of the following is a natural process that can quickly put large amounts of gas and solid materials directly into the stratosphere?

Forest Fire

A forest fire is an uncontrolled fire occurring in nature. Wildfire smoke is composed primarily of carbon dioxide and water vapor. Small particulates suspended in air which come in solid form or in liquid droplets are also present in smoke. Other common smoke components present in lower concentrations are carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, acrolein, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, and benzene. 80 -90% of wildfire smoke, by mass, is within the fine particle size class of 2.5 micrometers in diameter or smaller. The vertical lift of a severe thunderstorm can be enhanced in the area of a large wildfire, which can propel smoke, soot, and other particulate matter as high as the lower stratosphere.