How does the sun's energy power the water cycle? 1) heat from the sun's rays turns liquid water into vapor during the process of evaporation. 2) solar flares melt glaciers. 3) solar winds move clouds. 4) solar energy reflects off the moon at night, causing evaporation. question 2 how does the sun's energy power the carbon cycle? 1) oceans use sunlight to absorb carbon dioxide form the atmosphere 2) animals use sunlight and oxygen in the process of respiration. 3) plants use sunlight and carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to power photosynthesis. 4) heat from the sun causes plants to lose carbon dioxide in the process of transpiration.