Which substance plays a central role in determining the rate of sodium reabsorption? which substance plays a central role in determining the rate of sodium reabsorption? adh aldosterone extracellular fluid natriuretic peptides epinephrine?

The answer is aldosterone. It is produced by the adrenal gland and is significant in the homoestatic balance of electrolytes in the body.  It acts on the mineralocorticoid receptors in the distal tubules and collecting ducts of the nephron, therefore influencing the reabsorption of sodium and excretion of potassium by the kidneys.

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affects the water bodies: excessive use of fertilizers causes eutrophication. the fertilizers which are used on plants affect the quality of land on which it is used, further causing erosion of soil. the fertilizers used on plants contain harmful chemical fumes which affect the environment.