If a single bacteriophage infects one e. coli cell present on a lawn of bacteria and, upon lysis, yields 325 viable viruses, how many phages will exist in a single plaque if 5 more lytic cycles occur?

The answer is 3,625,908,203,125. This calculated by (325)^5  .

This is exponential growth where the population of the virus doubles in every lytic cycle and decimates the E. coli population. In some hours the lawn of E. coli cells will be completely mowed down. The other life cycle  of bacteriophages, other than lytic, is lysogenic cycle that does not lyse the bacteria but only integrates its DNA in the genome and is replicated when the bacteria divides.

advantage of using stem cells in medical research:

1.       it provides medical benefits in the fields of therapeutic cloning and regenerative medicine.

2. it provides great potential for discovering treatments and cures to a variety of diseases including parkinson disease, spinal cord injuries, diabetes, alzheimer’s disease and many more.

3. limbs and organ could be grown in lab from stem cells and then used in transplant or treat illness.