Ftsz is a bacterial cytoskeletal protein that forms a contractile ring involved in binary fission. its function is analogous to the cleavage furrow of eukaryotic animal cells the cell plate of eukaryotic plant cells the mitotic spindle of eukaryotic cells the microtubule-organizing center of eukaryotic cells

Option A, the cleavage furrow of eukaryotic animal cells

Explanation:

FtsZ stands for  "Filamenting temperature-sensitive mutant Z". The role of Ftsz is very essential during the period of cell division. While a cell starts dividing, it is the first protein to reach to the site of cell division and performs the task of aquiring proteins that are essential for producing new cell wall. Mostly, bacteria's divide by  formation of an FtsZ ring  also known as Z-ring.

Hence, option A is correct.

d.

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both anaerobic and aerobic respiration use glucose (or other carbohydrates), proteins and lipids to produce atp and nadh. cell uses those energy molecules, obtained from food and   breaks them down during the chemical reactions of respiration. in anaerobic respiration, nadh is regenerated to nad+ by enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (lactate is produced, e.g. in muscle cells) or by alcohol dehydrogenase where ethanol is produced (alcohol fermentation), while in aerobic respiration, electrons from nadh are deposited in the mitochondria to regenerate nad+ (electron transport chain. anaerobic respiration produces 2 atp per molecule of glucose compared to aerobic respiration where about 38 atp molecules are produced.