Ccr5 is a cell surface receptor protein of white blood cells that attracts them to specific tissue and organs to elicit an immune response. it is also the receptor to which r5 strains of hiv bind to and enter t cells. between 5-14% of people from northern european descent possess an allele known as ccr5-δ32. in this allele, a 32 base pair section of the gene has been deleted. what phenotype would you predict for people carrying the ccr5-δ32 allele?

People carrying the CCR5-δ32 allele, because of their 32-base-pair deletion, have a premature stop codon into the CCR5 receptor. This means that individuals that are homozygous for CCR5-δ32 do not express functional CCR5 receptors on their cell surfaces and thus, will have impaired immune function. Also, those individuals are resistant to HIV infection as a result of that.

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an individual’s sex (i.e., whether they are a male or female) is determined by the sex chromosomes. most people have two sex chromosomes, one that is inherited from their mother and one that is inherited from their father. typically, females have two x chromosomes (xx) and males have one x chromosome and one y chromosome (xy). conditions caused by changes (“mutations”) in genes located on the x chromosome are considered x-linked.

x-linked recessive inheritance

most x-linked conditions are recessive. this means that in a person with two x chromosomes (most females), both copies of a gene (i.e., one on each x chromosome) must have a change or mutation whereas in a person with one x chromosome (most males), only one copy of a gene must have a mutation. a female with a mutation in one copy of a gene on the x chromosome is said to be a “carrier” for an x-linked condition. a male with a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome is typically affected with the condition. because females have two copies of the x chromosome and males have only one x chromosome, x-linked recessive diseases are more common among males than females. however, x-linked recessive diseases can occur in both males and females.

for x-linked recessive disorders, an unaffected carrier mother who has a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome can transmit either the x chromosome with this mutation or a “normal” x chromosome to her children. if the father is unaffected, none of her daughters will be affected and all of her daughters will be unaffected—since they will inherit at least one normal x chromosome from their father. however, each daughter will have a 50% chance of being an unaffected carrier like her mother and a 50% chance of both x chromosomes being normal.