Which type of precipitation forms when water vapor changes directly into solid ice

Osmosis is often viewed incorrectly as a process driven directly by differences in solute concentration across a selectively permeable membrane. what really drives osmosis? view available hint(s)osmosis is often viewed incorrectly as a process driven directly by differences in solute concentration across a selectively permeable membrane. what really drives osmosis? the first law of thermodynamicsthe difference in the height of water columns on either side of a selectively permeable membranethe difference in water concentration across a selectively permeable membranethe difference in sugar or ion concentration across a selectively permeable membrane

In the diagram below, the northern hemisphere would be in what season at position a a.fall b. winter c.summer d.spring

The kidney filters potentially toxic substances in the blood, and thus “clears” the blood of those substances. this clearance function is dependent upon and proportional to the diffusion gradient of the substance across filtering capillaries, i.e. if the concentration of the substance is doubled, twice as much will be cleared from each ml of blood that is filtered. suppose that the body produces a constant amount of a substance x per unit of time. the kidneys eliminate substance x at a rate directly proportional to the concentration of the substance and the volume of blood cleared each minute (c): elimination = c × [x], where [x] is the steady-state concentration of substance x. imagine an individual with an initial concentration of x equal to [x]0 who develops kidney disease. her baseline clearance c0 drops to one half of the original (½c0). what is the new steady state concentration of x? (for simplicity, assume that substance x is 100% filtered by the kidney).