When molten gallium solidifies to ga(s) at its normal melting point, is δs positive or negative?

When molten gallium solidifies to Ga (s) at its normal melting point, is .

Further Explanation:

The properties of the system are classified as intensive or extensive on the basis of their change with the size of the system.

Intensive properties:

These are local or bulk properties. These do not depend on the size of the system but depends only on the nature of the substances. Some of the intensive properties include temperature, chemical potential, viscosity, pressure, and density.

Extensive properties:

The values of these properties are proportional to the size of the system. Such properties are additive in nature. Some examples of extensive properties include mass, enthalpy, volume, energy, size, weight, and heat capacity.

The thermodynamic function that indicates the randomness or disorder of the molecules on the basis of different arrangements is known as entropy. It is denoted by S. It is an example of an extensive property.

The particles of the gas molecules move freely in all directions so their degree of randomness is maximum and therefore gases have the maximum entropy. The liquid particles have arrangements somewhat regular than gases but irregular as compared to solids so their entropy is intermediate between gases and solids. Solids have the most ordered and regular arrangement of their particles in them so the degree of randomness is absent or is almost negligible. Therefore solids have the least entropy.

When molten gallium solidifies to form solid gallium, it changes from its liquid to solid state. Since the entropy of solids is less than that of liquids, the entropy of gallium decreases or becomes negative when it converts from its liquid to solid state. Therefore is negative.

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Answer details:

Grade: Senior School

Chapter: Thermodynamics

Subject: Chemistry

Keywords: entropy, solid, liquid, gas, gallium, molten, solid, negative, S, extensive, intensive.

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