The dna sequences that make up the genetic code of an organism determine which traits the organism will exhibit. how are the instructions coded by dna translated into an organism's physical traits? a. instructions coded by dna sequences are translated into nucleotides which express an organism's physical traits. b. dna sequences that code for genetic instructions attach to phosphate groups that express an organism's physical traits. c. dna sequences both code genetic instructions within an organism and express an organism's physical traits. d. instructions coded by dna sequences are translated into proteins which express an organism's physical traits.

the answer is c) instuctions coded by dna sequences are translated into proteins which express an organism's physcial traits

hydroxyl -oh

alcohols, always polar, can form hydrogen bonds with h2o molecules

carboxyl -cooh  

cargoxylic acids, has acidic properties which is a source of hydrogen ions, found in cells in ionized for with a charge of oh-1

carbonyl > co

ketone if within skeleton, aldehyde if group is at the end of skeleton, k & a may be structural isomers, it determines 2 sugars (ketose & aldose)

amino -nh2

amines, acts as a base, it can pick up h+ ions from surrounding solution, ionized with charge of 1+

methyl ch2

addition to rna/dna affects and gene expression

phosphate -opo3 ²⁻

organic phosphates, contributes to negative charge to, molecule that it is a part of, and potential to react with h20

sulfhydryl -sh

thiols, cross-linking stabilize the protein, and it is structure