The group of people that moves through life with an individual while providing both protection and encouragement is called a:

Social convoy

Social convoy refers to a group of people who accompanies an individual on the journey of life. A social convoy provides personal, familial, cultural, and even professional supports for an individual. Family members usually comprise a part of social convoy and its makeup changes over time.

when the displaced particles are perpendicular to the direction the wave travels, is called a transverse wave, whereas in longitudinal wave the displace practices are parallel to the direction of the wave.

in the given image:

first image shows - longitudinal wave

second image shows - transverse wave

third image shows - longitudinal wave

fourth image shows - longitudinal wave