Is the process of preventing others from mating with one's partner in order to avoid the costs of rearing offspring that do not to propagate one's genes. transference kin selection mate guarding mate selection

It would be mate guarding because it avoid the costs of rearing ones offspring. the answer is qithin the question tbey try toake it tricky but they cant fool anyone.

Atp is is our little "pocket" of energy. of course, if you have too little, then it means you have too little energy, and you'll pass out. the way to not have enough, is to have no energy sources (glucose, fats, proteins). you can't have too many atp molecules. cycles like the krebs cycle produce it, but if you have too much of any substrate (or too little for that matter), the cycle stops and atp is no longer made (it stops until substrate levels are such that the process can go on). in any case, this is unlikely since atp is constantly hydrolyzed and remade, even while you're asleep. you won't have too much. if you have zero, you are dead or dying.

Because the carnivores keep the herbivore population in check