Describe how compartmentalization increases the efficiency of a cell and an organism.

Compartmentalization of the cell means that there are structures inside the cell (within the cytosol) called organelles (nucleus, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmatic reticulum..) which are usually membrane-enclosed regions. Compartmentalization increases the efficiency of many subcellular processes by concentrating the molecules to a specific space within the cell. Each membrane-enclosed organelle has the characteristic position in the cytosol and specialized function in the cell.

the solute can move "downhill," from regions of higher to lower concentration, relying on the specificity of the protein carrier to pass through the membrane. this process is called passive transport or facilitated diffusion, and does not require energy.

genetic variation will increase because of a new habitat and food source.

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