The marginal cost of production shows the change in a firm's total cost from producing one more unit of a good or service. what is the shape of the marginal cost curve? graphically, the marginal cost curve is a. shaped like a hill, initially rising when the marginal product of labor is falling and then eventually falling when the marginal product of labor is rising. b. a u shape, initially falling due to diminishing returns and then eventually rising due to . c. a u shape, initially falling when the marginal product of labor is rising and then eventually rising when the marginal product of labor is falling. d. a u shape, initially falling when the marginal product of labor is below marginal cost and then eventually rising when the marginal product of labor is above marginal cost. e. shaped like a hill, rising when the average cost of production is rising and then eventually falling when the average cost of production is falling.

What is the most important factor that affects the value of a company? a) cash flow b) earnings c) supply and demand d) number of employees

Reliability and validity reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. in the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways. unfortunately, being consistent in measurement does not necessarily mean that you have measured something correctly. to illustrate this concept, consider a kitchen scale that would be used to measure the weight of cereal that you eat in the morning. if the scale is not properly calibrated, it may consistently under- or overestimate the amount of cereal that’s being measured. while the scale is highly reliable in producing consistent results (e.g., the same amount of cereal poured onto the scale produces the same reading each time), those results are incorrect. this is where validity comes into play. validity refers to the extent to which a given instrument or tool accurately measures what it’s supposed to measure. while any valid measure is by necessity reliable, the reverse is not necessarily true. researchers strive to use instruments that are both highly reliable and valid.

James is an employee in the widget inspection department of xyz systems, a government contractor. james was part of a 3-person inspection team that found a particular batch of widgets did not meet the exacting requirements of the u.s. government. in order to meet the tight deadline and avoid penalties under the contract, james' boss demanded that the batch of widgets be sent in fulfillment of the government contract. when james found out, he went to the vice president of the company and reported the situation. james was demoted by his boss, and no longer works on government projects. james has a: