Production-based accounting is used to estimate gdp by a. summing each firm's value added to the production process. b. adding up the incomes received by all the resources that contributed to production. c. computing for each firm the difference between sales revenue and the purchase of intermediate products, then summing this difference across all firms. d. all of the above. e. a and c only.

There is a small, family-owned store that sells food and household goods in a small town. the owners have good relations with the community, especially with local farmers who supply much of the food. the farmers aren't organized into a cooperative or union, and the store deals with each individually. suppose the store wanted to buy some farms to control the supply of certain vegetables. how would you classify this strategic move? select one: a. horizontal integration b. forward integration c. backward integration d. concentric integration