Value added is defined as a. the value of productivity gains that arise when a firm increases its capital-labor ratio. b. the difference between the value of all resources used to produce a product and the final selling price of that product. c. the amount by which the value of a firm's output exceeds the value of the goods and services the firm purchases from other firms. d. the cost savings that a firm enjoys when it reduces the cost of its resources by employing a more efficient production method.

being born in poverty would limit the people's chances, opportunities and benefits.

this happen because of several things, such as:

- poor people tend to gain less access to good education and nutrition. this mean that their chance to obtain high paying jobs would also be limited.

- poor people tend to socialize with other poor people while the rich tend to socialize with other rich people. this means that simply throguh their social circle, rich people would have more business opportunities compared to the poor people.

- rich people tend to have more capital in their disposal. this would benefit them in business since it is far easier for them to fund their business operation compared to poor people.

lives by a moral and ethical code