One of the benefits of edi is that it can reduce lead time, which is select one:

a. the time from when funds are committed for purchase of raw materials to the time when the payment for the finished goods is actually received.

b. the time between when an item is sold to a customer and when a replacement is made available for purchase by another customer.

c. the time from when an rfp is announced to the time a consumer purchases the finished product.

d. the time between when finished goods leave the manufacturer and when they arrive, floor-ready, at the retailer.

e. the time between the decision to place an order and the receipt of the merchandise.

Reliability and validity reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. in the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways. unfortunately, being consistent in measurement does not necessarily mean that you have measured something correctly. to illustrate this concept, consider a kitchen scale that would be used to measure the weight of cereal that you eat in the morning. if the scale is not properly calibrated, it may consistently under- or overestimate the amount of cereal that’s being measured. while the scale is highly reliable in producing consistent results (e.g., the same amount of cereal poured onto the scale produces the same reading each time), those results are incorrect. this is where validity comes into play. validity refers to the extent to which a given instrument or tool accurately measures what it’s supposed to measure. while any valid measure is by necessity reliable, the reverse is not necessarily true. researchers strive to use instruments that are both highly reliable and valid.