In keeping with a modernization of corporate statutes in its home state, umc corporation decided in 2018 to discontinue accounting for reacquired shares as treasury stock. instead, shares repurchased will be viewed as having been retired, reassuming the status of unissued shares. as part of the change, treasury shares held were reclassified as retired stock. at december 31, 2017, umc's balance sheet reported the following shareholders' equity: ($ in millions) common stock, $1 par $ 200 paid-in capital—excess of par 800 retained earnings 956 treasury stock (4 million shares at cost) (25 ) total shareholders’ equity $ 1,931 required: a. identify the type of accounting change this decision represents. b. prepare the journal entry to effect the reclassification of treasury shares as retired shares.

Aproduction line has three machines a, b, and c, with reliabilities of .96, .86, and .85, respectively. the machines are arranged so that if one breaks down, the others must shut down. engineers are weighing two alternative designs for increasing the line’s reliability. plan 1 involves adding an identical backup line, and plan 2 involves providing a backup for each machine. in either case, three machines (a, b, and c) would be used with reliabilities equal to the original three. a. compute overall system reliability under plan 1. (round your intermediate calculations and final answer to 4 decimal places.) reliability b. compute overall system reliability under plan 2. (round your intermediate calculations and final answer to 4 decimal places.) reliability c. which plan will provide the higher reliability? plan2plan1