All of the following are signals to would-be challengers that retaliation is likely excepta) creating collaborative relationships with other industry leaders to block new entrants. b) publicly announcing management's commitment to maintaining the firm's present market share. c) making an occasional strong counter-response to the moves of weak competitors to enhance the firm's image as a tough defender. d) publicly committing the company to a policy of matching competitor's terms or prices. e) maintaining a war chest of cash and marketable securities

Which of the following statements is not correct? the stock of publicly owned companies must generally be registered with and reported to a regulatory agency such as the sec. when stock in a closely held corporation is offered to the public for the first time, the transaction is called "going public, or an ipo," and the market for such stock is called the new issue or ipo market. "going public" establishes a firm's true intrinsic value and ensures that a liquid market will always exist for the firm's shares. if you wanted to know what rate of return stocks have provided in the past, you could examine data on the dow jones industrial index, the s& p 500 index, or the nasdaq index.