Proponents of the notion of a "political business cycle" suggest that: 
a. the standardized budget is a better indicator of the state of the economy than the actual budget
b. cyclical swings in the economy are produced by the inherent instability found in capitalist economies
c. a possible cause of economic fluctuations is due to the use of fiscal policy for political purposes
d. there is a tradeoff among goals that tends to make the economic policies of state and local governments procyclical

the question using the following data, which show all available techniques for producing 20 units of a particular commodityresource resource prices possible production techniques#1 #2 #3 #4 #5land $4 2 4 2 4 4labor 3 1 2 4 1 3capital 3 5 2 3 1 2entrepreneurial ability 2 3 1 1 4 1assuming that the firm is motivated by self-interest and that the 20 units that can be produced with each technique can be sold for $2 per unit, the firm will

James albemarle created a trust fund at the beginning of 2016. the income from this fund will go to his son edward. when edward reaches the age of 25, the principal of the fund will be conveyed to united charities of cleveland. mr. albemarle specified that 75 percent of trustee fees are to be paid from principal. terry jones, cpa, is the trustee. james albemarle transferred cash of $500,000, stocks worth $400,000, and rental property valued at $250,000 to the trustee of this fund. immediately invested cash of $360,000 in bonds issued by the u.s. government. commissions of $7,900 are paid on this transaction. incurred permanent repairs of $9,000 so that the property can be rented. payment is made immediately. received dividends of $8,000. of this amount, $3,000 had been declared prior to the creation of the trust fund. paid insurance expense of $4,000 on the rental property. received rental income of $10,000. paid $8,000 from the trust for trustee services rendered. conveyed cash of $7,000 to edward albemarle.

In terms of the "great wheel of science", statistics are central to the research process (a) only between the hypothesis phase and the observation phase (b) only between the observation phase and the empirical generalization phase (c) only between the theory phase and the hypothesis phase (d) only between the empirical generalization phase and the theory phase