Firm a has a debt-equity ratio of .5. firm b has a debt-equity ratio of .8. all other features of these firms are identical. the return on equity of firm a is:
a. equally as volatile as the return of equity of firm b.
b. less volatile than the return on equity of firm b.
c. more volatile than the return on equity of firm b.
d. unaffected by the debt-equity ratio.

Which of the following differentiates cost accounting and financial accounting? a. the primary users of cost accounting are the investors, whereas the primary users of financial accounting are the managers. b. cost accounting measures only the financial information related to the costs of acquiring fixed assets in an organization, whereas financial accounting measures financial and nonfinancial information of a company's business transactions. c. cost accounting measures information related to the costs of acquiring or using resources in an organization, whereas financial accounting measures a financial position of a company to investors, banks, and external parties. d. cost accounting deals with product design, production, and marketing strategies, whereas financial accounting deals mainly with pricing of the products.

In 1975, mcdonald’s introduced its egg mcmuffin breakfast sandwich, which remains popular and profitable today. this longevity illustrates the idea of:

Juan's investment portfolio was valued at $125,640 at the beginning of the year. during the year, juan received $603 in interest income and $298 in dividend income. juan also sold shares of stock and realized $1,459 in capital gains. juan's portfolio is valued at $142,608 at the end of the year. all income and realized gains were reinvested. no funds were contributed or withdrawn during the year. what is the amount of income juan must declare this year for income tax purposes?