54. a sales rep would like to collaborate with a number of potential customers on chatter, what license type would you recommend to achieve this?

Afirm's before-tax cost of debt, rd, is the interest rate that the firm must pay on debt. because interest is tax deductible, the relevant cost of debt used to calculate a firm's wacc is the cost of debt, rd (1 – t). the cost of debt is used in calculating the wacc because we are interested in maximizing the value of the firm's stock, and the stock price depends on cash flows. it is important to emphasize that the cost of debt is the interest rate on debt, not debt because our primary concern with the cost of capital is its use in capital budgeting decisions. the rate at which the firm has borrowed in the past is because we need to know the cost of capital. for these reasons, the on outstanding debt (which reflects current market conditions) is a better measure of the cost of debt than the . the on the company's -term debt is generally used to calculate the cost of debt because more often than not, the capital is being raised to fund -term projects. quantitative problem: 5 years ago, barton industries issued 25-year noncallable, semiannual bonds with a $1,600 face value and a 8% coupon, semiannual payment ($64 payment every 6 months). the bonds currently sell for $845.87. if the firm's marginal tax rate is 40%, what is the firm's after-tax cost of debt? round your answer to 2 decimal places. do not round intermediate calcu

Baskin promotions, inc. sells t-shirts decorated for a variety of concert performers. the company has developed the following budget for the coming year based on a sales forecast of 80,000 t-shirts: sales $ 1,400,000 cost of goods sold 820,000 gross profit 580,000 operating expenses ($100,000 is fixed) 418,400 operating income 161,600 income taxes (30% of operating income) 48,480 net income $ 113,120 cost of goods sold and variable operating expenses vary directly with sales, and the income tax rate is 30% at all levels of operating income. if the concert season is slow due to poor weather, baskin estimates that sales could fall to as low as 60,000 t-shirts. assume baskin actually achieves the 60,000 unit sales level, and that net income actually earned at this level was $70,000. a performance report would indicate that net income was:

Astudent was asked to draw a demand and supply graph to illustrate the effect on the market for premium bottled water of a fall in the price of electrolyteselectrolytes used in some brands of premium bottled​ water, holding everything else constant. she drew the graph to the right and explained it as​ follows: ​"electrolyteselectrolytes are an input to some brands of premium bottled​ water, so a fall in the price of electrolyteselectrolytes will cause the supply curve for premium bottled water to shift to the right​ (from upper s 1s1 to upper s 2 right parenthesis .s2). because this shift in the supply curve results in a lower price left parenthesis upper p 2 right parenthesis commap2, consumers will want to buy more premium bottled water and the demand curve will shift to the right​ (from upper d 1d1 to upper d 2 right parenthesis .d2). we know that more premium bottled water will be​ sold, but we​ can't be sure whether the price of premium bottled water will rise or fall. that depends on whether the supply curve or the demand curve has shifted farther to the right. i assume that the effect on supply is greater than the effect on​ demand, so i show the final equilibrium price left parenthesis upper p 3 right parenthesisp3 as being lower than the initial equilibrium price left parenthesis upper p 1 right parenthesis .p1.​" where is the flaw in the​ student's argument? supply will shift inward. demand will not shift. demand will shift inward.