International business research suggests that internationalizing firms often look abroad because they are either drawn to foreign markets or driven from their domestic markets. visit the corporate websites for toyota, apple, zara, and procter & gamble. from what you can gather, how do these four firms organize their international activities? do they seem to be applying multidomestic strategy or global strategy in their sourcing, manufacturing, product development, and marketing activities? are these centralized or decentralized approaches? how does this fit with your understanding of the primary strategic objectives of international business?

Tandard product costs deerfield company manufactures product m in its factory. production of m requires 2 pounds of material p, costing $4 per pound and 0.5 hour of direct labor costing, $10 per hour. the variable overhead rate is $8 per direct labor hour, and the fixed overhead rate is $12 per direct labor hour. what is the standard product cost for product m? direct material answer direct labor answer variable overhead answer fixed overhead answer standard product cost per unit answer

Pennewell publishing inc. (pp) is a zero growth company. it currently has zero debt and its earnings before interest and taxes (ebit) are $80,000. pp's current cost of equity is 10%, and its tax rate is 40%. the firm has 10,000 shares of common stock outstanding selling at a price per share of $48.00. refer to the data for pennewell publishing inc. (pp). pp is considering changing its capital structure to one with 30% debt and 70% equity, based on market values. the debt would have an interest rate of 8%. the new funds would be used to repurchase stock. it is estimated that the increase in risk resulting from the added leverage would cause the required rate of return on equity to rise to 12%. if this plan were carried out, what would be pp's new value of operations? a. $484,359 b. $521,173 c. $584,653 d. $560,748 e. $487,805

Stock a has a beta of 1.2 and a standard deviation of 20%. stock b has a beta of 0.8 and a standard deviation of 25%. portfolio p has $200,000 consisting of $100,000 invested in stock a and $100,000 in stock b. which of the following statements is correct? (assume that the stocks are in equilibrium.) (a) stock b has a higher required rate of return than stock a. (b) portfolio p has a standard deviation of 22.5%. (c) portfolio p has a beta equal to 1.0. (d) more information is needed to determine the portfolio's beta. (e) stock a's returns are less highly correlated with the returns on most other stocks than are b's returns.