John walker, the chief executive officer of consolidated industries, had a tough decision to make. he had to decide which of four possible plants to close to save money and boost the value of consolidated’s shares. he decided to close a subsidiary in a poor third-world nation located 6,000 miles away from the company headquarters where he was located. he reached that decision after realizing that it was the only one of the four plants at which he had met none of the workers. he also was unwilling to believe that all of the money he had put into a london subsidiary would not soon pay off if he diverted some of the money saved by closing the third-world plant to the london operations. which of the following two concepts is illustrated by the process by which john walker decided which plant to close:
a) diffusion of responsibility; escalation of commitment. b) pygmalion effect; confirmation trap. c) locus of control; kohlberg's first stage of moral development. d) a high level need for moral approbation; low ego strength.