Which feature of a bond contract allows the issuer to redeem a bond issue immediately in its entirety at an amount greater than par value prior to maturity? sinking fund provision put provision deferred call provision call provision issuers can gradually reduce the outstanding balance of a bond issue by using a sinking fund account into which they deposit a specified amount of money each year. to operationalize the sinking fund provision of an indenture, issuers can (1) purchase a portion of the debt in the open market or (2) call the bonds if they contain a call provision. under what circumstances would a firm be more likely to buy the required number of bonds in the open market as opposed to using one of the other procedures? when interest rates are lower than they were when the bonds were issued when interest rates are higher than they were when the bonds were issued

Amarket is said to be equilibrium when quantity demanded is equal to quantity supplied. critically analyse the above statement by giving different types of market

Select the statement that indicates tina's company is a partnership. tina jones is a dancer specializing in latin dance styles. she always wanted to have her own dance studio where she could teach dancing to young and old alike. in 2006, she opened her first dance studio, electric diva, in madison triangle. it was a great choice as a business location because it's well-connected by highways to most places in the city. she leased the space for three years. her initial investment included a good sound system, cheerful interior design, and strong flooring. to raise capital for the business, tina turned to her brother-in-law, philip. philip made half the financial investment. he manages the accounts and social media needs of the business. he has a 30% share in trisha's business. together, they expanded the business to three dance studios in the city and plan to open franchises in other cities.

Suppose the marginal damage and marginal benefit curves in a polluted neighborhood are md = p/3 and mb = 4 – p. also, suppose that transactions costs are low, so that the consumers and the firm can bargain. we saw that in this case, the socially-optimal level of pollution is achieved. start by computing the socially-optimal p. then, for each of the following cases, compute the amount of money transferred through the bargaining process, and indicate who pays whom (i.e., whether consumers pay the firm, or vice versa). also, compute the gains to each party relative to the status quo (i.e., the starting point of the bargaining process).a)consumers have the right to clean air; firm is dominant in the bargaining process.b)consumers have the right to clean air; consumers are dominant in the bargaining process.c)firm has the right to pollute; firm is dominant in the bargaining process.d)firm has the right to pollute; consumers are dominant in the bargaining proces