Emma thomson runs a small-scale manufacturing firm with 20 employees. she is faced with an increased premium demand from a private health insurer after two employees filed injury claims in the previous year. she turns around and tells her assistant manager that "health insurance is a scam. if these companies have to cover their profits in every portfolio, then why call it insurance? " her assistant manager claims that this is not the case, and points to the fact that the two employees who benefited from the insurance would have found themselves in a difficult position had it not been for the insurance. emma says, "precisely my point. and we have to pay increased premiums to cover that. if premiums that we have to pay go up because of claims, essentially we are funding it ourselves. then what is the point in calling this insurance? " what of the following best summarizes emma's point of view?

a. the entire financial services industry, which includes insurance companies, is a fraud.

b. insurance companies are intermediaries that reallocate assets and earn a margin.

c. government-provided insurance is the best option available to small businesses.

d. small businesses should not opt for insurance coverage.

e. no one benefits from health care support provided by third party insurance payers