Pretzel stands in new york city are a perfectly competitive industry in long-run equilibrium. one day, the city starts imposing a $100 per month tax on each stand. how does this policy affect the number of pretzels consumed in the short run and in the long run?
a. down in the short run, no change in the long run
b. up in the short run, no change in the long run
c. no change in the short run, down in the long run
d. no change in the short run, up in the long run

Wilson center is a private not-for-profit voluntary health and welfare entity. during 2017, it received unrestricted pledges of $638,000, 65 percent of which were payable in 2017, with the remainder payable in 2018 (for use in 2018). officials estimate that 14 percent of all pledges will be uncollectible. a. how much should wilson center report as contribution revenue for 2017? b. in addition, a local social worker, earning $20 per hour working for the state government, contributed 600 hours of time to wilson center at no charge. without these donated services, the organization would have hired an additional staff person. how should wilson center record the contributed service?

The following pertains to smoke, inc.’s investment in debt securities: on december 31, year 3, smoke reclassified a security acquired during the year for $70,000. it had a $50,000 fair value when it was reclassified from trading to available-for-sale. an available-for-sale security costing $75,000, written down to $30,000 in year 2 because of an other-than-temporary impairment of fair value, had a $60,000 fair value on december 31, year 3. what is the net effect of the above items on smoke’s net income for the year ended december 31, year 3?

To appeal to a new target market, the maker of hill's coffee has changed the product's package design, reformulated the coffee, begun advertising price discounts in women's magazines, and started distributing the product through gourmet coffee shops. what has been changed? a. the product's perceptual value. b.the product's 4ps. c. the method used in its target marketing. d. the ownership of the product line. e. the product's utility.