To test the effectiveness of a job training program on the subsequent wages of workers, we specify the model log(wage) = β0 + β1train + β2educ + β3exper + u, 11 where train is a binary variable equal to unity if a worker participated in the program. think of the error term u as containing unobserved worker ability. if less able workers have a greater chance of being selected for the program, and you use an ols analysis, what can you say about the likelybias in the ols estimator of β1?

Hank itzek manufactures and sells homemade wine, and he wants to develop a standard cost per gallon. the following are required for production of a 70-gallon batch. 2,700 ounces of grape concentrate at $0.04 per ounce 77 pounds of granulated sugar at $0.43 per pound 133 lemons at $0.79 each 350 yeast tablets at $0.24 each 350 nutrient tablets at $0.14 each 2,500 ounces of water at $0.001 per ounce hank estimates that 4% of the grape concentrate is wasted, 9% of the sugar is lost, and 32% of the lemons cannot be used. compute the standard cost of the ingredients for one gallon of wine. (round intermediate calculations and final answer to 2 decimal places, e.g.