Jiminy’s cricket farm issued a 15-year, 4 percent semiannual coupon bond 2 years ago. the bond currently sells for 91 percent of its face value. the company’s tax rate is 21 percent. the book value of the debt issue is $30 million. in addition, the company has a second debt issue, a zero coupon bond with 7 years left to maturity; the book value of this issue is $20 million, and the bonds sell for 73 percent of par. a. what is the company’s total book value of debt? (enter your answer in dollars, not millions of dollars, e. g. 1,234,567.) b. what is the company’s total market value of debt? (enter your answer in dollars, not millions of dollars, e. g. 1,234,567.) c. what is the aftertax cost of debt? (do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e. g., 32.16.)

a. total book value
b. total market value
c. cost of debt %

Insurance companies have internal controls in place to protect assets, monitor the accuracy of accounting records and encourage operational efficiencies and adherence to policies. these internal controls are generally of two types: administrative controls and accounting controls. administrative controls are the policies and procedures that guide the daily actions of employees. accounting controls are the policies and procedures that delineate authorizations of financial transactions that are done, safeguard assets, and provide reports on the company’s financial status in a reliable and timely manner. internal controls should include both preventative and detective controls. the purpose of preventative controls is to stop problems and errors before they occur. detective controls identify problems after they have occurred. preventative controls are usually more effective at reducing problems, but they also tend to be more expensive. internal controls must be flexible to adjust for changes in laws and regulations in addition to adding new products or modifying current ones. companies must also do regular analyses to ensure that the benefits of implementing the controls are worth their costs. when concerned about paying unwarranted insurance claims which type of control would be useful?

4. the condition requires that only one of the selected criteria be true for a record to be displayed.

In order to be thoughtful about the implementation of security policies and controls, leaders must balance the need to reduce with the impact to the business operations. doing so could mean phasing security controls in over time or be as simple as aligning security implementation with the business’s training events.