Martinez corporation commenced operations in early 2020. the corporation incurred $48,500 of costs such as fees to underwriters, legal fees, state fees, and promotional expenditures during its formation. prepare journal entries to record the $48,500 expenditure and 2020 amortization, if any.

After all revenue and expense accounts have been closed at the end of the fiscal year, income summary has a debit of $2,450,000 and a credit of $3,000,000. at the same date, retained earnings has a credit balance of $8,222,600, and dividends has a balance of $125,000. required: a. journalize the entries required to complete the closing of the accounts on december 31. refer to the chart of accounts for exact wording of account titles. b. determine the amount of retained earnings at the end of the period.

Intronix uses copy editors, computer graphics specialists, and java programmers to produce ads for magazines and the internet. the average new ad for magazines typically requires 180 hours of a copy editor's time and 135 hours of a computer graphics specialist's time, whereas ads produced for the internet require 35 hours of copy editor time, 195 hours of computer graphics time, and 60 hours of a java programmer's time. lassie food, a dog food manufacturer, has hired intronix to produce ads in the next four week. although currently it considers magazine ads 3 times more valuable than internet ads, it still wishes to have at least 2 of each produced within the next four weeks. intronix has assigned up to 3 copy editors, 4 computer graphics specialists, and 1 java programmer, each committed to work up to 70 hours per week on the project. how many of each type of ad should be produced to maximize the overall value to lassie foods

Insurance companies have internal controls in place to protect assets, monitor the accuracy of accounting records and encourage operational efficiencies and adherence to policies. these internal controls are generally of two types: administrative controls and accounting controls. administrative controls are the policies and procedures that guide the daily actions of employees. accounting controls are the policies and procedures that delineate authorizations of financial transactions that are done, safeguard assets, and provide reports on the company’s financial status in a reliable and timely manner. internal controls should include both preventative and detective controls. the purpose of preventative controls is to stop problems and errors before they occur. detective controls identify problems after they have occurred. preventative controls are usually more effective at reducing problems, but they also tend to be more expensive. internal controls must be flexible to adjust for changes in laws and regulations in addition to adding new products or modifying current ones. companies must also do regular analyses to ensure that the benefits of implementing the controls are worth their costs. when concerned about paying unwarranted insurance claims which type of control would be useful?