7. introduction to real options consider the following statement about real options: certain real options allow companies to change capacity output in response to changing market conditions. true or false: the preceding statement is correct. false true which type of real option allows the output and/or inputs in the production process to be altered, depending on how market conditions change during a project’s life? timing option expansion option abandonment option flexibility option consider the following example: clemens inc. is considering a $100 million investment in a new line of soft drinks. however, $100 million is a huge investment for clemens; if things turn bad, it could wipe out the company. a few senior managers have suggested a smaller investment of $20 million to see if the market is as strong as they hope it is. if demand is strong and the opportunity is still available, clemens will increase its investment at a later date. this example describes a real option to .

Needs to schedule the staffing of the center. it is open from 8am until midnight. larry has monitored the usage of the center at various times of the day and determined that the following number of computer consultants are required: time of dayminimum number of consultants required to be on duty8 am-noon4noon-4 pm84pm-8pm108pm-midnight6 two types of computer consultants can be hired: full-time and part-time. the full- time consultants work for eight consecutive hours in any of the shifts: morning (8am- 4pm), afternoon (noon-8pm) and evening (4pm-midnight). full-time consultants are paid $14 per hour. part-time consultants can be hired to work any of the four shifts listed in the table. part-time consultants are paid $12 per hour. an additional requirement is that during every time period, there must be at least two full-time consultants on duty for every part-time consultant on duty. larry would like to determine how many full-time and part-time consultants should work each shift to meet the above requirements at the minimum possible cost. formulate this as an lp problem. you must define your variables clearly

Each month, business today publishes a news piece about an innovative product, service, or business. such soft news is generally written by a freelance business writer and is known as a

Stock a has a beta of 1.2 and a standard deviation of 20%. stock b has a beta of 0.8 and a standard deviation of 25%. portfolio p has $200,000 consisting of $100,000 invested in stock a and $100,000 in stock b. which of the following statements is correct? (assume that the stocks are in equilibrium.) (a) stock b has a higher required rate of return than stock a. (b) portfolio p has a standard deviation of 22.5%. (c) portfolio p has a beta equal to 1.0. (d) more information is needed to determine the portfolio's beta. (e) stock a's returns are less highly correlated with the returns on most other stocks than are b's returns.