Which of the following are often left out of most financial planning models? a) profit margins, financial leverage, and turnover b) cash flow size, risk, and timing c) sales growth, asset growth, and equity growth d) equity growth, cash flow, and financial leverage.

Heather has been an active participant in a defined benefit plan for 19 years. during her last 6 years of employment, heather earned $42,000, $48,000, $56,000, $80,000, $89,000, and $108,000, respectively (representing her highest-income years). calculate heather’s maximum allowable benefits from her qualified plan (assume that there are fewer than 100 participants). assume that heather’s average compensation for her three highest years is $199,700. calculate her maximum allowable benefits.